Are Forest And Savannah Elephants Of The Same Species?

There is much debate on whether the forest andtypes of elephants could be regarded as sub-species
savannah elephant are two different species. Theof a single African elephant species, rather than two
impetus of the trip to Ghana was to assess if thedistinct sub-species (non interbreeding) as some
forest elephant - Loxodonta Cyclotis also known asrecent studies have suggested.Our adventures
the Pygmy Elephant represents a distinct anatomicalthrough the savannah gave us a fantastic
or genetic form from the other elephants. Theopportunity to see observe other wildlife, from lion
deciding factor will have important implications forand hyaena tracks, aardvark burrows, kobs and
their conservation. Working with Professor Adrianbirds... Around the camp were warthogs, lizards that
Lister an expert in elephants and the Scientificseem to spend their days doing impressive push ups
Exploration Society we set out on our mission.Havingto attract females (a good advertisement for a beer,
arrived in Accra the capital of Ghana, we headed toI think) and mischievous baboons and vervet
Kakum rainforest, where less than 100 forestmonkeys whose only ambition was working out
elephants exist. In our limited number of days itdifferent ways to steal our lunch, at times there
would be a rare site to see one of these magnificentwere some quite heated moments. One of out team
elephants. However, we were fortunate enough tomembers threw a stone to scare the baboons away
locate fresh elephant tracks and dung, from this wealbeit the baboon caught the stone, leading the
could evaluate the size of this small elephant, 2-2.5mcomment that next they will be applying for
at the shoulder.Kakum is a wonderful rainforest topassports - a scary thought.Near Mole in Larabanga
visit with it lush vegetation, never short of awe visited a 15th Century Mosque made of mud,
grapefruit, banana or cocoa pod on our trek. Thewhich in my mind resembles that of a large termite
canopy walk is one of a few in the world and gavemound. It was great to meet the local chief of the
us the opportunity to view the forest from thevillage and watch the children running around so
magnificent tree tops. The fresh air was heavenlyfreely. Their black board was the side of a mud
and the ambient sounds that echoed the foresthouse and the floor their work desk. I felt a little sad,
made a magical nights sleep alongside a glass ofthat in our western society, we are so conditioned
chardonney.Stocking up with reserves for the nextby the media coverage of child abduction that our
part of the trip, our team headed up north to Molechildren cannot live so liberally. One evening the school
National Park where rainforest becomes savannah.children from Damanko, came to entertain us at the
Mole NP is one of the international sites forcamp with their tribal songs and dance, simple yet,
monitoring the illegal killing of elephants. Sadly localsabsolutely hypnotic. They really know how to party.I
are ill equipped to stamp out poachers and to monitorrecorded the sounds of the jungle at night and day,
the elephant numbers.On arrival we set up camp onthrough to the locals dancing. Whilst trekking I
the cliff top over looking a breath taking panoramicinterviewed and videoed my guard, to hear some of
view of the savannah. Below are two large pools.his beautiful stories about the nature of elephants
Each day, with two armed guards, we wouldand the locals belief. One particular elephant called
descended the cliff side to study, photograph andpeoples friend, a magnificent and graceful male
document the elephants which enjoyed bathing there.elephant quite pale in colour would visit the campsite
I felt very blessed to be able to photograph themeach night to take in the scent of the new arrivals.
tussling, playing and welcoming other elephant groupsHe would quietly walk around putting his trunk up to
to the pool. It turned out that all the elephants at thethe windows of the chalets and tents. An elephant
pool were male. The female groups were morecan retain a scent for up 16 years. They reckonise
secretive. On one particular day we were fortunatethe poachers when they return just from tracing the
enough to observe two matings when an adultscent in the wind.There is much to be discovered
female in oestrus appeared at the pool, avidly pursedabout elephants from they way they communicate
by the males. This was quite extraordinary aswith each other over distances of 250 km away just
normally it is the male that goes in search of thefrom vibrations they pick up through there feet, to
females.Another part of our day was to span certainthe way they socialise and record data, relying more
areas of the savannah to record elephant dung piles!on scent and vibrations than vision. The myths in
Using GPS equipment to map out the transects anddifferent cultural beliefs and religions from Buddhist,
the position of the droppings, a somewhat analHindu to Eygption all look upon the elephant as a
pursuit we could calculate the number of elephants ingreat protector. It is said they are the keepers of
a given area. This was important especially in thewisdom and knowledge in the cosmos. Truly a
denser areas between the forest and savannahmagical and much loved animal, whose lives should
where it was difficult for aerial surveys to bealways be respected.Drawing to the end of our trip ,
conducted. Our data will be analysed in collaborationI decided to continue my journey to Wechiau
with colleagues of Adrian Lister at the University ofCommunity Hippo Sanctuary, near Wa, with two
California and Ougandougou (capital of Burkina Faso).others from the group. Hiring one of the drivers we
The reports will also go to Ghana Wildlife Service tocontinued up north on our next adventure.Miss
help with their conservation efforts.Range finders,LontayI am a UK fashion designer and creative
combined with accurate photographic methods, weconsultant, with a passion for orchids and nature. I
were able to estimate the shoulder heights ofcreate my own fabrics from photographs that I take
individuals, on our treks. The elephants at Mole werefrom the jungles of Malaysia to the beaches of Tahiti.
of intermediate size that suggests that the elephantsCombining my designs with conservation, I hope my
on the geographical boundary between forest andwork will inspire people to enjoy the beauty of
savannah may be of hybrid origin. Hence, the twonature, and work towards a better environment.